Saturday, May 16, 2020
Graduation Speech Low Participation And Achievement
1. Low participation and achievement in education settings: â⬠¢ No role model to identify with ââ¬â there is no set goal of what the learner wants to achieve when enrolling for English Literacy and Numeracy courses. â⬠¢ No computer or access to a computer, and therefore computer illiterate, will leave the learner frustrated ââ¬â English Literacy and Numeracy with computer skills are vital today when applying for higher paying employment in order to better your standard of living. â⬠¢ No time to enrol in full time courses ââ¬â adults must sometimes take on two or even more jobs to meet ends. This will leave them tired with no energy left to participate in part time English Literacy and Numeracy courses. â⬠¢ Larger families bring more responsibilities ââ¬â to participate and to achieve success in English Literacy and Numeracy are quite often not the number one priority. Takes too much family time. As Maori children and the younger adults (15+ years) had to enrol in schools with English Literacy and Numeracy ââ¬â this result (as can see from the result in the Snapshot below) gives a very negative picture for our countrys future. Low income, low attendance and enrolling in the low-income decile schools left some Maori people with low or not sufficient qualifications to contribute to the economical growth of this country. ââ¬Å"A snapshot of the Auckland Maori population in 2013 indicates: â⬠¢ 49 percent of Maori students are enrolled in Decile 1-3 schools â⬠¢ Maori made up 15 percent of all studentsShow MoreRelatedSports and Academic Achievement1494 Words à |à 6 Pagesmanagement. We will be looking at studies that have explored the impact that athletics has on studentsââ¬â¢ academic abilities. Academic success can be measured in many ways but we will explore grade point averages, math and English test scores, and graduation success rates to show the positive impact athletics has on a studentââ¬â¢s academic abilities. Introduction Participating in athletics offers students the opportunity to learn valuable lessons they can use for the rest of their lives. SomeRead MoreFactors Affecting Acquisition Of English As A Second Language1026 Words à |à 5 Pagesbecause everybody has their own communities and it is interesting to see how other people switch going into different speech communities. Although Mellix, concluded that over the period of time, she managed to learn and balance these two different languages by picturing herself as someone from the culture of Standard English because she was able to master the skill of bilingual speech. This article inspires me to reveal and explore the challenges faced by non-native English speaker. In this paper IRead More The Individuals with Disability Education Act Policy Essay example1602 Words à |à 7 Pagesmost often annually as they go from grade to grade. IDEA recognizes autism, deaf-blindness, deafness, emotional disturbance, hearing impairment, other health impai rment (i.e., attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), specific learning disability, speech or language impairment, traumatic brain injury and visual impairment. An evaluation for services under IDEA consists of procedures to determine whether a child has a disability. Encyclopedia of Educational Psychology (2008) In early 1960ââ¬â¢s stateRead MoreFactors Affecting African American Persistence in the Sciences783 Words à |à 3 PagesMoore 105). President Baraka Obama has pushed to increase the number of minorities represented in STEM. In the article Obama Pushes STEM in State of the Union, freelance writer for U.S. News Jason Koebler quotes the Presidentââ¬â¢s State of the Union speech where he urges Americans to, ââ¬Å"Think about the America within our reach: A country that leads the world in educating its people. An America that attracts a new generation of high-tech manufacturing and high-paying jobsâ⬠. President Obama understandsRead MoreHigh Quality Pre K Education2390 Words à |à 10 Pagesalone more than $170 million was spent to retain students in grades k through third grades during the 2001-2002 school years. Pre K is such an extremely important part of the educational process that it was addressed in Obamaââ¬â¢s 2013 State of the Union speech. President Obama addressed the issue by unveiling his plan for universal Pre-K for four-year-olds which included all children from households with incomes at or below 200% of the poverty line would be guaranteed a free pre-K education within the publicRead MoreEducational Policy During The Obama Administration2240 Words à |à 9 Pagesnew program called ââ¬ËRace to the Topââ¬â¢ for states that pursue innovation and education reform activities that include: attaining significant improvement in students results, making considerable gains in students achievement, closing the achievement gaps among subgroups, improving graduation rates at the high school level, and ensuring that students are prepare to succeed in college and in their careers (Baker, 2011; Ovando Combs, 2012). Advocates of ELLs are concerned that school reform is stillRead Mor eDrama as a Means of Improving the Advocacy Skills of Non-English-Speaking-Background Students3423 Words à |à 14 Pageshigh-context culture to exist in accord with other human beings and this means not readily resorting to arguments, among other things, especially when relating to those considered their Ãâsuperiors? whether in terms of age, position, ability, or achievement. Given the fact that the legal profession hinges broadly on argumentation as a means of persuasion, it is expected that a normal law tutorial will involve elements of vehement and energetic discussion. If students of non-English-speaking backgroundsRead MoreGrade 12 National Assessment Of Educational Progress6761 Words à |à 28 PagesWhen national, state, and local dropout and graduation rates are published, it is difficult to deny that U.S. middle and high school students are in need of special literacy and/or mathematics supports to reverse the current trends. In 2003, a commission established by the N ational Assessment Governing Board (Governing Board) to review and make suggestions about indicators of academic preparedness for postsecondary education and training recommended the use of the grade 12 National Assessment ofRead MorePresident Johnson s War On Poverty2132 Words à |à 9 Pagesand available opportunities (Snell et al., 2013). Intervention is necessary to combat or slow the impacts of the environment. Implications of the literature Health. Much of the literature for childhood health looks at the implications of poverty and low-income environments on well-being. (Currie, 2005) specifically focused on many health problems that have higher prevalence and intensity in poverty. Health problems that are especially evident include ADHD, poor hearing, digestive disorders, dentalRead MoreHow High School Dropouts Affect American Society Essay2479 Words à |à 10 Pagesalternative and second chance programs (NDPCN, 2008). Prevatt and Kelly (2003) suggested that there is a lack of evaluation programs that assess dropout prevention programs. One reason is due to funding. If passed, the 2009 Graduation Promise Act would provide 2.5 billion in more funding for such evaluations and programs (S. 1698, 2009). According to Dynarski (2008), at- risk students who are targeted early in their academic career increases their chances of success through intense
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Importance Of Education Essay - 1824 Words
IMPORTANCE OF ART FOR K12 STUDENTS AND CULTIVATING A COOPERATIVE SOCIETY Two concepts are proposed in this paper for the purposes of societal cultivation and human growth. One, that the Arts are critical to human development the growth of society. And two, a practical approach at implementing arts education within the Fairbanks community without relying on public school system. Early childhood and adolescent development are critical times in a human s life especially when it comes to facilitating intelligence growth. Having access to education and art is essential during these times, as it helps to acquire and use different types of cognitive ability, which in turn assists day to day living and relating to others. In order to relateâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦2012) The average modern school doesnââ¬â¢t account for the fact that humans are a diverse species with different types of intelligence and levels of ability. Today s school system is woefully out of date when it comes to effective learning, being based off of a model that was designed in the 1800ââ¬â¢s and hasnââ¬â¢t changed much since. Even most teachers today agree that the methods they use are test-centric, based on memorization and regurgitation of facts only to forget it later on. Art is a great way for developing kids to attain this. By exploring empathy and emotional expression, learning about art, introspection, and looking at ideas from multiple angles children will develop the emotional and cognitive tools and connection making abilities they need to operate within society as adults.(Wolkowicz, T. 2017) I propose an individualistic ââ¬Ëone on oneââ¬â¢ approach in contrast to modern education. With mentorship, young students can receive attention in the areas they need most, this paired with artistic expression and artistic education will provide young students with the ability to live ââ¬Å"live lives they have reason to valueâ⬠(Maguire, Cindy. 2012) This is why I argue that the Fairbanks area should should start a mentorship program using art to facilitate the developmental needs of kids. In Plato s republic, he argues that the most important aspect ofShow MoreRelatedImportance Of Education Essay1802 Words à |à 8 PagesEducation is the necessity of life that lies next food and water in todayââ¬â¢s world where people have a vast knowledge of everything and more and more people are getting access to it and is laying the base for developments in different fields and that is exactly what the Astounding American physicist Albert Einstein had said explaining the importance of education in a personââ¬â¢s life even when they are long beyond their school day till the very last day of their life they keep on using that knowledgeRead MoreThe Importance of Education Essay2077 Words à |à 9 PagesThe Importance of Education Kandace L. Cottrell Eng 102 11-16-2010 Normand Hays The Importance of Education Why do we say that everyone must obtain an education to be successful in life? This is one of many questions that people ask about education. Some people ask: what does acquiring an education do for someone that just wants to go to work after he or she finishes high school? He or she may think that it is possible just to graduate from high school and start working. Well it is possibleRead MoreThe Importance of Education Essay802 Words à |à 4 Pages An education is something that one can keep for a lifetime. Acquiring a good education can affect oneââ¬â¢s personal life, oneââ¬â¢s community, and oneââ¬â¢s entire generation. The only person who truly controls how educated I am, is me. My education feeds my intelligence, and since I want to be an intellectual, I want an exemplary education. In the end, no one can transfer knowledge from one brain to another, like a money transfer from account to account. It is something that I have to achieveRead MoreThe Importance of Education Essay690 Words à |à 3 PagesOneââ¬â¢s Education advancements could probably be the most important decision in his or her life. One can safely assume that a person is not in the proper sense until he is properly educated. As said by Nelson Mandela, ââ¬Å"Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.â⬠One may take this quote and interpret it as that Education is deadly and needs to be taken advantage of to the highest level. High School and College to common people seem to be the same. One must go to classRead MoreEssay The Importance of Education526 Words à |à 3 PagesEducation is imp ortant in any society. Parents, teachers and even political leaders encourage education in our society. Many people do not understand why there is so much emphasis placed upon obtaining a good education. This is why some people do not put in as much effort as they should. It is important that everyone understand the many benefits of education aside from getting a job and earning a salary. This knowledge will help you to develop an attitude that is conducive to learning. You will enjoyRead MoreThe Importance of Education Essay1346 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Importance of Education Education and learning is one of the most important processes in todayââ¬â¢s society. Todayââ¬â¢s youth are tomorrowââ¬â¢s teachers. In the ââ¬Å"banking methodâ⬠or education by memorization, the studentââ¬â¢s are not being taught; they are only expected to memorize the material, which is not actually a learning process. Although there are a lot of misconceptions to the ââ¬Å"Banking methodâ⬠, I think that there are also a lot of good to this method as well. I think that the teacherââ¬â¢s job isRead MoreImportance Of Education Essay1578 Words à |à 7 PagesAs Nelson Mandela stated, ââ¬Å"Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world;â⬠without education the world would be at a halt. On average, American children spend 6.64 hours daily at school for 180 days (National Center for Education Statistics, 2008). This means that an American child spends roughly 1,195.2 hours a year at school. If children are spending this much time in school they must be retaining most of the material being taught, correct? Well, unfortunately thatRead More The Importance of Education Essay782 Words à |à 4 PagesThe Importance of Education Education has always been a crucial part of society for the past centuries. Some believe that our education is a privilege. Some believe that our education is a right. Some believe that our education is an obligation. The only obligation we might have towards education is to treat it as a privilege as well as a right, but certainly not an obligation to have an education. Education has been the basis for the success we see in our parents, our teachers, and moreRead More The Importance of Education Essay1093 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Importance of Education ââ¬Å"Come on sweetie, you can do it!â⬠These words have constantly been spoken to me ever since I was a child, and by my parents enforcing these words towards me they inspired me to achieve all that I am able too. In the Mexican culture there are many of us who yearn to learn new things yet there are many of our people who instead of lending a helping hand they thrust each other downward. With this key fact in mind I push myself to become an educated person withRead MoreThe Importance of Education Essay1427 Words à |à 6 PagesMost people will argue that college education in fields like traditional liberal arts and career-oriented subjects such as business, engineering and science is a stepping stone to success, and I agree because it provides one with broad knowledge, increased opportunities and greater potentials to succeed in life. The traditional liberal arts have been the foundation of advanced learning since dateless times. The idea that traditional liberal arts education at college level gives broad knowledge
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Paper Bridge free essay sample
The total weight of the bridge must not exceed the weight of 4 pieces A4 80 GSM paper. When in use, the bridge ends must be laid freely on the support. 20mm at both ends must be free from any features; this is for the bridge support. A square platform size 40mmx40mm must be provided for weight loads. Competition: Each bridge will be inspected for materials used in the construction and for the use of glue. It will be weighted as well. Once the bridge is qualified, the length of the bridge will be measured. Fail to follow the rules will lead to the disqualification, and the group will score 0 for competition mark. After the length measurement is taken, the students will begin to stack the load (range of 0. 1N, 0. 5N, 1. 0N, 5. 0N weighted) on its load point. A student must add a load platform size 40mm x 40mm minimum that will be placed horizontally on the top of the bridge in order to support the load. We will write a custom essay sample on Paper Bridge or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It can be made of paper board or similar material. The loads are to be added one at a time, each can going on top of the previous load, until the bridge is crushed, or no longer capable of supporting the load. The total weight is considered up to the previous load added before collapsed. Scoring of the competition: The length will be determined by measuring the horizontal distance from the longest ends of the bridge. Total number of load (in N) before collapsed will be recorded. The teamââ¬â¢s score will be earned according to the following formula: à à à Team Point = Total Load (N) The team who scores the most points will score full mark which means 10% for class project. The teamââ¬â¢s final scoring for the competition will be determined by how well it does in relation to the other competitors based on the formula: Team Score à à = à à Team Points Earned à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à ? 0 à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à Winning Team Points Earned OVERALL SCORING OF THE PROJECT: PROJECT| CRITERIA| MARKS| COMPETITION| As per the above mention ed details. | 10| PRESENTATION| About 10 minutes of presentation. Should be well organized, clear subject demonstration, creative and original, utilize visual aids, and team work participation. Peer to peer review method. | 5| TOTAL| | 15| NOTE: The group is same as the laboratory group. Presentation handout must be submitted before the projectââ¬â¢s presentation. Marks will be deducted for late submission and any attempt of plagiarism.
Saturday, April 18, 2020
Third time is a Charm Essay Example For Students
Third time is a Charm Essay Their Eyes Were Watching God, by Zora Hurston is narrated in the eyes of a black woman named Janie. Janie was brought up in the age when blacks where free, but she was still under a social law inherited from her family which kept her bound. Janies grandmother and her first two husbands suppress her into a cocoon and it was not until she met her third husband Tea Cake, that she was able to break free and fly away like a butterfly. Janies grandmother had lived in the time of slavery, raising her under strict customs, in which men and women were not equal. Under her grandmothers guidance, Janie was required to marry solely based on a custom that is dependent on a man to provide for the woman. At this time, Janie did not intend to marry, but her grandmother wanted to insure Janies safety and told her, Taint Logan Killicks Ah wants you to have, baby, its protection (Hurston 15). Janies grandmother would at least pass on, knowing her granddaughter is with a man who could provide for her. J anies grandmother implicitly says, Neither can you stand alone by yoself Ah got tuh try and do for you befo mah head is cold(15), showing an effort to make Janie dependent on a man . We will write a custom essay on Third time is a Charm specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Janie struggles to find some sign of love from her new husband Logan, but does not find love where love should be; all she finds is coldness and a husband who wants submission from his wife. It was Logans intention to mold his new wife and told Janie, Thought Ahd take and make somethin outa yuh (30), confirming an attempt to make her submissive and by letting her know how he feels about her role in the marriage when he says, You aint got no particular place. Its wherever Ah need yuh(31). All Logan expects from Janie is obedience. Logan expects her to stop what she is doing to help him, regardless if Janie believes if it is her place or not. Experience in a one sided marriage, persuades Janie to explore a different route in her freedom.After Logan wanted Janie to work like a man, she meets her future second husband, Joe Starks and runs away with him to get married. Joe is a black man, full of ambition and of authoritarian ways, but Janie does not realize this until after he sweeps he r off to a new town.Joe suppresses Janie so much that she felt as if, She was a rut in the roadPlenty of life beneath the surface but it was kept beaten down by the wheels(76). Even though Janie was approaching her forties later on in her marriage, she still was young for her age and life was about to be stifled. Every chance Joe had, he would keep Janie from being a part of life, he kept her shut up in a cocoon and made sure she knew her place under him. Joe had numerous chances as the mayor of a little black community, to let Janie express herself as a woman in politics. As the mayors wife, Janie should be allowed to give her view to the public, because she was a public figure. Joe would not allow this to happen as he explained why when he told the town, but mah wife dont know nothing bout no speech-makin Shes uh woman and her place is in de home (43). Janie would have liked a choice to make a speech, but Joe spoke for her. Although Joe gave her material comforts, Janie never felt free to do things she enjoyed explaining, but Jody wouldnt low me tuh. When Ah wasnt in de store he wanted me tuh jes sit wid folded hands and sit dere(112). Janie was locked away in Joes world and he kept the key. Joe provided a comfort of living for Janie, but she sought a comfort of mind; which Joe could not provide, because of his overbearing and possessive attitude towards her. Following Joe Starks death, Janies world changed dramatically for the good when she met her third husband, Tea Cake. He did not have much to offer Janie in regards to material things, but he did offer her freedom to express herself. The first few times Tea Cake visited Janie; he taught her to play checkers. Janie was immediately impressed with him and the freedom to play a mans game, she soon let him into her heart. Tea Cake opened Janies cocoon and let her out by letting her do things she was never able to do until now. They fished, hunted, danced and did various other activities Janie had never had th e opportunity to do. Janie had been with Tea Cake for two years, when they experienced a hurricane, and Janie surmises under the foul weather conditions, Its so many people never seen de light at all. Ah wuz fumblin round and God opened de door(159). Janie was telling her husband, that under the circumstances of possible death, she was able to see the light, which God had furnished her with an Angel of a husband and she was satisfied with him. After several years of suppression by her grandmother and two husbands, Janie was on the verge of depression, but Janie was able to begin a new life with Tea Cake. He brought the best out of Janie by letting her be free. Even after Tea Cake died, he was not dead to Janie. Of course he was wasnt dead. He could never be dead until she herself had finished feeling and thinking(193).It was Tea Cake who broke open her cocoon to let her fly free. Bibliography:Works CitedHurston, Zora Neale. Their Eyes Were Watching God. New York: HarperPerennial, 1 998.
Saturday, March 14, 2020
The Pros and Cons if ââ¬ÅSonnyââ¬â¢s Bluesââ¬Â has a Different Ending Essay Example
The Pros and Cons if ââ¬Å"Sonnyââ¬â¢s Bluesâ⬠has a Different Ending Essay Example The Pros and Cons if ââ¬Å"Sonnyââ¬â¢s Bluesâ⬠has a Different Ending Paper The Pros and Cons if ââ¬Å"Sonnyââ¬â¢s Bluesâ⬠has a Different Ending Paper Essay Topic: Pros and Cons The Sonnyââ¬â¢s Blues novel of James Baldwin has a very fundamental and decisive ending. The scene of the ending is in the jazz club where Sonny, brother of the undisclosed narrator in the story, is one of the musicians. The narrator agreed to with his brother to the club which he prejudged as full of darkness not beneficial and favorable to his brother. Sonny has an addiction to heroin which made him more distant to his brother because the narrator wants his brother to have a good life. This good life he is speaking of is like his life where he sees all things under idealistic view. But in this ending, the narrator learned to ââ¬Å"listenâ⬠to his brother about his addiction. If the ending could have been different, one of the pros behind is that the message of the story could have been different. The symbolisms and the idioms within the story will relate different notions to different readers. There is also the possibility that the impact of this novel to the literature world could have been different as well. It may lead to a more famous James Baldwin if it turned out better or an average Baldwin because this novel has been the beginning of James Baldwin recognition in the literature world. There is also the possibility that the scope of readers it covers is wider aside from the depressed and anguished. The impact could have been better if the ending is revised in a different way as long as the continuity of thoughts of the story must not be disintegrated or disengaged. The original ending is very ââ¬Å"proâ⬠in relation to the whole story because it reveals and bares the degree of changes in the narratorââ¬â¢s life and view. This is further emphasized through a flashback of the narratorââ¬â¢s last conversation with his mother where his mother warned and requested him to hold onto his brother and to not let him fall no matter what is happening to his brother and no matter how evil he gets to his brother. She told the narrator that he might get evil to his brother many times but he must not forget what his mother told and requested him (Baldwin, 2002). Without thinking, the narrator made a promise to his mother that he will not allow anything to happen to Sonny. Her dying mother smiled because she was amused of the innocence behind that promise. Through the ending in the jazz club where Sonny was on stage playing and the narrator met his brotherââ¬â¢s friends, fellow musicians, and patrons, he saw the appreciation they had to Sonny in a way the narrator is never was to his brother. The narrator starts to appreciate, recognize, and realize the importance of jazz and blues music to Sonny. Instead of aiming and forcing Sonny to fit and adapt to his world, the other way around, he was in Sonnyââ¬â¢s world or rather his kingdom were he grasp that n this world flows a royal blood in Sonnyââ¬â¢s vein compared to his. The narrator analyzed that jazz music was his brotherââ¬â¢s and other artistsââ¬â¢ way to express their agony, suffering, and fear instead of being addicted to heroin. What then plays in Sonnyââ¬â¢s music was his life along with other artistsââ¬â¢ lives. The misery and distress of the brothers from the beginning of the story and how they struggled to handle these problems made them different. The narrator handled it through keeping it within himself like an ice that made it all hard for him. Thus, he even considered Sonnyââ¬â¢s struggles as his own that made him cautious anytime if Sonn yââ¬â¢s addiction will come back. Compared to Sonny, he is strong enough to face the reality of his problems and faced them through his music to release it. This final scene further exemplifies the tragedies that befell his parents, the death of the narratorââ¬â¢s daughter of polio, and sorrow of his wife which are the other highlights of the story as well. The narrator was touched with the music and felt its power that let him faced his pain right then. On the other hand, one of the cons if the ending could have been different is the possibility that the impact to the readers of the novel might be towards the negative side. There is also the possibility of discontinuity of thoughts of the story. If the style of the ending would be changed too, the impact of the story and its purpose is diverted or changed. But with the prowess of Baldwin in writing, even with a different ending this might not occur.
Wednesday, February 26, 2020
Case3 599 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Case3 599 - Coursework Example It was acquired by John Mackey, a college dropout who started with a Texas natural foods store called ââ¬ËSafeway.ââ¬â¢ He expanded vigorously and by 1999 had 100 stores. Whole Foods is also listed on NASDAQ, currently as WFM. (Market, 2013) Porterââ¬â¢s Competitive Strategies A well positioned firm can function better even if its outer profitability doesnââ¬â¢t seem to be high compared to other companies. Within an industry, different companies position themselves, according to Michael Porter on different strategies based on their target scope and the advantage they have over other companies. Michael Porter has identified four strategies in this regard: cost leadership strategy which focuses on a broader market segment and low cost strategy to drive out competitors. Secondly, there is the differentiation strategy which also caters industry wise and has the advantage of producing unique products. There are also tow focused strategies which are basically subsections of the two aforementioned strategies; focused cost leadership that caters to a narrower target segment but competes on the basis of price, and focused differentiation strategy which differentiates and is unique yet caters to a narrow market segment. ... d sells them to wholesalers with a promise that they will sell them at a premium price and this is how it has differentiated itself in the minds of consumers. Whole Sales Market has managed to carry on with such a strategy because of the facilities and the skilled expertise to handle and manage differentiation in a broad target market. The firm needs adequate sources and new plants were opened up to cater to the needs of expansion as well. Since these are fast moving goods mostly that WMO produces, the shareholder value model wouldnââ¬â¢t apply as much as the unlimited resource model; that WMO needs to invest and manage risk and uniqueness in order to sustain its position in the marketplace for a long time. However, WMO may also be pursuing a cost leadership strategy which is why it has expanded in less affluent areas as well. Research shows that compared to other organic stores, WMO sells products at a cheaper price. And this is seen in the prices as well as the process of qualit y assurance. Food has to comply with the high quality standards that WMO has to maintain according to its policies; quality comes first. There are 270 stores, and they have their own farmers who also place utmost importance on quality rather than on negotiations over price that compromise quality. Many products of WMO are cheaper than the products at Safeway. They also focus on the ââ¬ËWhole Dealââ¬â¢ by either keeping the prices the same and adding value or cutting prices whenever possible without compromising on quality. (Porter, 1998) Congruence The Nadler-Tushman Congruence Model is a theory which aligns the inputs, throughputs and outputs of a system and it functions on the basis of certain assumptions: Organizations are part of a larger environment and social system There are three levels in
Monday, February 10, 2020
Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words
Economics - Essay Example The political parties in most of the economies try to enhance the lifestyle of the individuals through economic growth and income redistribution in the market. Redistribution of income and raising the standard of living in society are mutually exclusive goals of the government. Figure 1: Economic Growth (Source: Scully, ââ¬Å"Economic Freedom and the Trade-off between Inequality and Growthâ⬠) The economic freedom of a country is directly proportional to the level of economic growth in it. Figure 2: Income Inequality (Source: Scully, ââ¬Å"Economic Freedom and the Trade-off between Inequality and Growthâ⬠) On the other hand, the level of income inequality is desired to fall with the rise in the level of economic freedom and hence, economic growth. However, there is a strong debate regarding the relationship between income inequality and income growth. Economic Inequality is the discrimination among individuals in terms of income or wealth. It basically elaborates the diffe rences among the individuals of a society in terms of their income, wealth and assets. Income Inequality can either be absolute or relative. Absolute income is the gross income received by the individuals. John Maynard Keynes states that the consumption expenditures of individuals are estimated on the basis of absolute income. Thus, absolute income inequality is the income inequality that denotes the differences in gross income thresholds of the individuals. James Duesenberry claimed that savings and consumption spending decisions of the individuals do not depend on the level of absolute income. Instead, it depends on the relative income level. The savings and consumption expenditures of the individuals are made by them after analyzing their position of income relative to others. Relative income inequality would occur when the absolute income levels would be unevenly distributed in an economy (NBER). Among all the methods, the most important method of measuring income inequality is Gini Coefficient measurement method. This measure estimates the statistical dispersion of income distribution of a nation. The value of income inequality on the basis of a frequency distribution is given by the Gini Coefficient. The value of this index lies from 0 to 1. Where, 0 indicates a situation of perfect income equality and 1 indicates a situation of perfect inequality of income. The diagrammatical representation of a Gini Coefficient is provided is a Lorenz Curve. Figure 3: Lorenze Curve Perfect Income Equality Line Income Inequality Cumulative % of Income Lorenze Curve Cumulative % of Population (Source: Authors Creation) The above graph is of a Lorenze curve (the convex curve). The distance between the perfect income equality line and the Lorenz curve measures the degree of income inequality. Therefore, greater the distance, greater is the level of inequality. The above coefficient is calculated by: It is believed that a greater extent of inequality in income in a nation i mplies the concentration of economic power in the hands of a small group of individuals. In such a situation, the producers in the market get tempted to allocate resources to luxuries and comfort products, instead of basic necessities. The lack of basic necessit
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)